What Were the 3 Capitals of Illinois?
Illinois, known as the “Land of Lincoln,” is a state rich in history and has played a significant role in the development of the United States. Over the years, Illinois has had three different capital cities, each contributing to the state’s unique story. In this article, we will explore the history behind the three capitals of Illinois and their significance in shaping the state’s identity.
1. Kaskaskia – The First Capital:
Kaskaskia, located in southwestern Illinois, served as the first capital of the state from 1818 to 1820. The selection of Kaskaskia as the capital was influenced by its strategic location on the Mississippi River, which facilitated trade and transportation. During this period, Illinois was still a young state, and Kaskaskia played a crucial role in its early development. However, due to its vulnerability to flooding and its limited growth potential, the capital was relocated after just two years.
2. Vandalia – The Second Capital:
In 1820, the capital was moved to Vandalia, a small town in central Illinois. Vandalia served as the state capital for the next twenty years, from 1820 to 1840. The decision to relocate the capital to Vandalia was driven by its more central location, making it more accessible to the growing population. During its time as the capital, Vandalia witnessed significant growth and development, with the construction of government buildings, banks, and businesses. Notably, it was during this period that Abraham Lincoln began his political career as a state legislator. However, as the population expanded further north, calls for a more geographically centered capital arose.
3. Springfield – The Current Capital:
In 1837, Springfield was designated as the third and current capital of Illinois. The decision was made to address the growing need for a more centrally located capital that could serve the entire state. Springfield, located in the heart of Illinois, offered a strategic advantage in terms of transportation and accessibility. The move to Springfield also brought with it significant political and economic changes, attracting businesses, new residents, and government institutions. Springfield is famously known as the home of Abraham Lincoln, who spent most of his adult life in the city and served as the 16th President of the United States. Today, the capital city houses the Illinois State Capitol, which serves as a symbol of Illinois’ political power and heritage.
FAQs:
Q: Why were the capitals changed?
A: The relocation of the capitals was mainly driven by the need for a more centrally located capital city that could better serve the growing population and accommodate the state’s expanding political and economic needs.
Q: How were the new capitals selected?
A: Factors such as geographic location, transportation accessibility, population growth, and economic potential played a crucial role in the selection of the new capitals. The aim was to find a city that could serve as a hub for the state’s administration and accommodate its future growth.
Q: Are there any significant landmarks associated with the former capitals?
A: While Kaskaskia and Vandalia no longer serve as capitals, they still hold historical significance. Kaskaskia is home to the Kaskaskia Bell State Memorial, a historic bell tower that commemorates Illinois’ first capital. In Vandalia, visitors can explore the Vandalia Statehouse, the oldest surviving capitol building in Illinois.
Q: How has Springfield embraced its role as the capital?
A: Springfield has embraced its status as the state capital by preserving and promoting its historical heritage. The city offers numerous attractions, including the Abraham Lincoln Presidential Library and Museum, Lincoln’s Home National Historic Site, and the Old State Capitol. These landmarks showcase the rich history and political legacy of Illinois and attract visitors from around the world.
In conclusion, Illinois has had three different capitals throughout its history – Kaskaskia, Vandalia, and Springfield. Each capital played a crucial role in shaping the state’s identity, accommodating its growth, and serving as a hub for political and economic activities. Today, Springfield stands as the current capital, proudly preserving its historical heritage and serving as a reminder of Illinois’ rich history and contributions to the United States.